mirror of
https://github.com/Poltern/lfs-ru.git
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793 lines
25 KiB
XML
793 lines
25 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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<!ENTITY cups-download-http "https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/releases/download/v&cups-version;/cups-&cups-version;-source.tar.gz">
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<!ENTITY cups-download-ftp " ">
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<!ENTITY cups-md5sum "e0a5ddbf53dfad41da26fc1ef60b2256">
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<!ENTITY cups-size "7.8 MB">
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<!ENTITY cups-buildsize "77 MB (Add 49 MB for tests)">
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<!ENTITY cups-time "0.4 SBU (Add 1.0 SBU for tests)">
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]>
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<sect1 id="cups" xreflabel="Cups-&cups-version;">
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<?dbhtml filename="cups.html"?>
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<title>Cups-&cups-version;</title>
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<indexterm zone="cups">
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<primary sortas="a-Cups">Cups</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<sect2 role="package">
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<title>Introduction to Cups</title>
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<para>
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The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is a print spooler and
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associated utilities. It is based on the "Internet Printing
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Protocol" and provides printing services to most PostScript
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and raster printers.
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</para>
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&lfs121_checked;
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cups-download-http;"/>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cups-download-ftp;"/>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download MD5 sum: &cups-md5sum;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Download size: &cups-size;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Estimated disk space required: &cups-buildsize;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Estimated build time: &cups-time;
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Cups Dependencies</bridgehead>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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<para role="required">
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<xref linkend="gnutls"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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<para role="recommended">
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<xref linkend="colord"/>,
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<xref linkend="dbus"/>,
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<xref linkend="libusb"/>,
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<xref linkend="linux-pam"/>, and
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<xref linkend="xdg-utils"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref linkend="avahi"/>,
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<xref linkend="libpaper"/>,
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<xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
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<!--<xref linkend="openjdk"/>, Not found in 2.4.0 -->
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<xref linkend="php"/>, and
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<xref linkend="python2"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required (Postinstall)</bridgehead>
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<para role="required">
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<xref role="runtime" linkend="cups-filters"/>
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</para>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (Postinstall)</bridgehead>
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<para role="optional">
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<xref role="runtime" linkend="gutenprint"/> and
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<ulink role="runtime" url="https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing">hplip</ulink> (HP printers)
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="kernel" id="cups-kernel">
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<title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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<note>
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<para>
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There used to be a conflict between the <application>Cups</application>
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<application>libusb</application> backend and the usblp kernel driver.
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This is no longer the case and cups will work with both of these
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enabled.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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If you want to use the kernel usblp driver (for example, if you wish to
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use <application>escputil</application> from <xref
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linkend="gutenprint"/>) enable the following options in your kernel
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configuration and recompile the kernel:
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</para>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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href="usb-printer-kernel.xml"/>
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<para>
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If you have a parallel printer, enable the following options in your
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kernel configuration and recompile the kernel:
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</para>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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href="parallel-printer-kernel.xml"/>
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<indexterm zone="cups cups-kernel">
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<primary sortas="d-cups">cups</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="installation">
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<title>Installation of Cups</title>
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<para>
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You will need to add an <systemitem class="username">lp</systemitem>
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user, as <application>Cups</application> will create some files owned
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by this user. (The <systemitem class="username">lp</systemitem> user
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is the default used by <application>Cups</application>, but may be
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changed to a different user by passing a parameter to the
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<command>configure</command> script.) Use the following command as
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the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>useradd -c "Print Service User" -d /var/spool/cups -g lp -s /bin/false -u 9 lp</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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You will also need a dedicated group that will contain users allowed to
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do <application>Cups</application> administrative tasks. Add the group
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by running the following command as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 19 lpadmin</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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If you want to add a user to the <application>Cups</application>
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administrative group, run the following command as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>usermod -a -G lpadmin <replaceable><username></replaceable></userinput></screen>
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<para>
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If you didn't install <xref linkend="xdg-utils"/>, use the following
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<command>sed</command> to change the default browser that will be used
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to access the <application>Cups</application> web interface:
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</para>
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<screen><userinput>sed -i 's#@CUPS_HTMLVIEW@#firefox#' desktop/cups.desktop.in</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Replace <command>firefox</command> with the web browser of your
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choice.
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</para>
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<para>
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Build <application>Cups</application> by running the following commands:
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</para>
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<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>./configure --libdir=/usr/lib \
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--disable-systemd \
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--with-rcdir=/tmp/cupsinit \
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--with-rundir=/run/cups \
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--with-system-groups=lpadmin \
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--with-docdir=/usr/share/cups/doc-&cups-version; &&
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make</userinput></screen>
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<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>./configure --libdir=/usr/lib \
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--with-rundir=/run/cups \
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--with-system-groups=lpadmin \
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--with-docdir=/usr/share/cups/doc-&cups-version; &&
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make</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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To test the results, issue: <command>LC_ALL=C make -k check</command>. An already
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active graphical session with bus address is necessary to run the tests.
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Make sure that there is not other instance of <application>Cups</application>
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running, otherwise at least 4 tests will fail with "address in use".
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</para>
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<para>
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Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<!-- dev note: make BUILDROOT=<DESTDIR> install -->
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<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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ln -svnf ../cups/doc-&cups-version; /usr/share/doc/cups-&cups-version;</userinput></screen>
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<para revision="sysv">
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Remove the shipped bootscript, which is incompatible with LFS:
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</para>
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<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>rm -rf /tmp/cupsinit</userinput></screen>
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<para>
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Create a basic <application>Cups</application> client configuration file
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by running the following command as the <systemitem
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class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>echo "ServerName /run/cups/cups.sock" > /etc/cups/client.conf</userinput></screen>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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href="../../xincludes/gtk-update-icon-cache.xml"/>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="commands">
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<title>Command Explanations</title>
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<para revision="sysv">
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<parameter>--disable-systemd</parameter>: Systemd is not supported by
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this version of BLFS.
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</para>
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<para revision="sysv">
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<parameter>--with-rcdir=/tmp/cupsinit</parameter>: This switch tells the
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build process to install the shipped bootscript into <filename
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class="directory">/tmp</filename> instead of <filename
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class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>.
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</para>
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<para>
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<parameter>--with-rundir=/run/cups</parameter>: This switch prevents
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the package from referring to the deprecated
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<filename class='directory'>/var/run</filename> directory.
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</para>
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<para>
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<parameter>--with-system-groups=lpadmin</parameter>: This switch ensures
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that only <systemitem class="groupname">lpadmin</systemitem> will be used
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as the <application>Cups</application> administrative group.
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</para>
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<para>
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<option>--disable-libusb</option>: Use this switch if you have installed
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<xref linkend="libusb"/>, but wish to use the kernel usblp driver.
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</para>
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<para>
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<option>--enable-libpaper</option>: Use this switch if you have installed
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<application>libpaper</application> and wish to use it with
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<application>Cups</application>.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="configuration">
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<title>Configuring Cups</title>
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<sect3 id="cups-config">
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<title>Config Files</title>
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<para>
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<filename>/etc/cups/*</filename>
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cups-config">
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<primary sortas="e-etc-cups">/etc/cups/*</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Configuration Information</title>
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<para>
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Normally, printers are set up via a web browser. The
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<application>Cups</application> server will normally connect via
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the url http://localhost:631. From there printers, print
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jobs, and the server configuration can be set up and managed.
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Remote system administration can also be set up. Configuration
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can also be done from the command line via the
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<command>lpadmin</command>, <command>lpoptions</command>,
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and <command>lpstat</command> commands.
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</para>
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<para>
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Configuration of <application>Cups</application> is dependent on
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the type of printer and can be complex. Generally, PostScript printers
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are easier. For detailed instructions on configuration and use of
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<application>Cups</application>, see <ulink
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url="https://www.cups.org/documentation.html"/>.
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</para>
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<para>
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For non-PostScript printers to print with
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<application>Cups</application>, you need to install <xref
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linkend="gs"/> to convert PostScript to raster images and a driver
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(e.g. from <xref linkend="gutenprint"/>) to convert the resulting
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raster images to a form that the printer understands. <ulink
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url="https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/openprinting/database/foomatic">Foomatic</ulink>
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drivers use <xref linkend="gs"/> to convert PostScript to a printable
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form directly, but this is considered suboptimal by
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<application>Cups</application> developers.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Linux PAM Configuration</title>
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<para>
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If <application>CUPS</application> has been built with
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<application>Linux PAM</application> support, you need to create a
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<application>PAM</application> configuration file to get it working
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correctly with BLFS.
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</para>
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<para>
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Issue the following command as the <systemitem
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class="username">root</systemitem> user to create the configuration
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file for <application>Linux PAM</application>:
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</para>
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<screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/cups << "EOF"
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<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/cups
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auth include system-auth
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account include system-account
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session include system-session
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# End /etc/pam.d/cups</literal>
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EOF</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="cups-init">
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<title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
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<phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>
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<para revision="sysv">
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If you want the <application>Cups</application> print service to start
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automatically when the system is booted, install the init script
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included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package:
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</para>
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<para revision="systemd">
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To start the <command>cupsd</command> daemon when something tries to
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access it, enable the previously installed systemd units by running
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the following command as the
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<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cups-init">
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<primary sortas="f-cups">cups</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>make install-cups</userinput></screen>
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<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>systemctl enable cups</userinput></screen>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 role="content">
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<title>Contents</title>
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<segmentedlist>
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<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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<seglistitem>
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<seg>
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cancel, cupsaccept, cups-config, cupsctl, cupsd, cupsdisable,
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cupsenable, cupsfilter, cupsreject, cupstestppd, ippeveprinter,
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ippfind, ipptool, lp, lpadmin, lpc, lpinfo, lpmove, lpoptions, lpq,
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lpr, lprm, lpstat, ppdc, ppdhtml, ppdi, ppdmerge, and ppdpo
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</seg>
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<seg>
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libcupsimage.so
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and libcups.so
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</seg>
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<seg>
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/etc/cups,
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/usr/{include,lib,share}/cups,
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/usr/share/doc/cups-&cups-version;,
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/run/cups, and
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/var/{cache,log,spool}/cups
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</seg>
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</seglistitem>
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</segmentedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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<varlistentry id="cancel-cups">
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<term><command>cancel</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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cancels existing print jobs from the print queues
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cancel-cups">
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<primary sortas="b-cancel">cancel</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cupsaccept">
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<term><command>cupsaccept</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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accept jobs sent to a destination
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cupsaccept">
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<primary sortas="b-cupsaccept">cupsaccept</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cups-config-prog">
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<term><command>cups-config</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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is a <application>Cups</application>
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program configuration utility
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cups-config-prog">
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<primary sortas="b-cups-config">cups-config</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cupsctl">
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<term><command>cupsctl</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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updates or queries the cupsd.conf file for a server
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cupsctl">
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<primary sortas="b-cupsctl">cupsctl</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cupsd">
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<term><command>cupsd</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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is the scheduler for the Common Unix Printing System
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cupsd">
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<primary sortas="b-cupsd">cupsd</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cupsdisable">
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<term><command>cupsdisable</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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stop printers and classes
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cupsdisable">
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<primary sortas="b-cupsdisable">cupsdisable</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry id="cupsenable">
|
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<term><command>cupsenable</command></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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start printers and classes
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</para>
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<indexterm zone="cups cupsenable">
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<primary sortas="b-cupsenable">cupsenable</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
|
<varlistentry id="cupsfilter">
|
|
<term><command>cupsfilter</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is a front-end to the <application>Cups</application>
|
|
filter subsystem which allows you to convert a file
|
|
to a specific format
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups cupsfilter">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-cupsfilter">cupsfilter</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="cupsreject">
|
|
<term><command>cupsreject</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
reject jobs sent to a destination
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups cupsreject">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-cupsreject">cupsreject</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="cupstestppd">
|
|
<term><command>cupstestppd</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
tests the conformance of PPD files
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups cupstestppd">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-cupstestppd">cupstestppd</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ippeveprinter">
|
|
<term><command>ippeveprinter</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
is an IPP Everywhere printer for CUPS
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ippeveprinter">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ippeveprinter">ippeveprinter</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ippfind">
|
|
<term><command>ippfind</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
finds Internet Printing Protocol printers
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ippfind">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ippfind">ippfind</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ipptool">
|
|
<term><command>ipptool</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
sends IPP requests to the specified URI and tests
|
|
and/or displays the results
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ipptool">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ipptool">ipptool</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lp-cups">
|
|
<term><command>lp</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
submits files for printing or alters a pending job
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lp-cups">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lp">lp</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpadmin">
|
|
<term><command>lpadmin</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
configures printer and class queues provided by
|
|
<application>Cups</application>
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpadmin">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpadmin">lpadmin</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpc-cups">
|
|
<term><command>lpc</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
provides limited control over printer and class queues
|
|
provided by <application>Cups</application>
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpc-cups">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpc">lpc</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpinfo">
|
|
<term><command>lpinfo</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
lists the available devices or drivers known to the
|
|
<application>Cups</application> server
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpinfo">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpinfo">lpinfo</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpmove">
|
|
<term><command>lpmove</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
moves the specified job to a new destination
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpmove">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpmove">lpmove</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpoptions">
|
|
<term><command>lpoptions</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
displays or sets printer options and defaults
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpoptions">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpoptions">lpoptions</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpq-cups">
|
|
<term><command>lpq</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
shows the current print queue status on the named printer
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpq-cups">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpq">lpq</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpr-cups">
|
|
<term><command>lpr</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
submits files for printing
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpr-cups">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpr">lpr</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lprm-cups">
|
|
<term><command>lprm</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
cancels print jobs that have been queued for printing
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lprm-cups">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lprm">lprm</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="lpstat-cups">
|
|
<term><command>lpstat</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
displays status information about the current classes, jobs,
|
|
and printers
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups lpstat-cups">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-lpstat">lpstat</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ppdc">
|
|
<term><command>ppdc</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
compiles PPDC source files into one or more PPD files
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ppdc">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ppdc">ppdc</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ppdhtml">
|
|
<term><command>ppdhtml</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
reads a driver information file and produces a HTML summary
|
|
page that lists all of the drivers in a file and the
|
|
supported options
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ppdhtml">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ppdhtml">ppdhtml</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ppdi">
|
|
<term><command>ppdi</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
imports one or more PPD files into a PPD compiler source file
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ppdi">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ppdi">ppdi</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ppdmerge">
|
|
<term><command>ppdmerge</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
merges two or more PPD files into a single, multi-language
|
|
PPD file
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ppdmerge">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ppdmerge">ppdmerge</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="ppdpo">
|
|
<term><command>ppdpo</command></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
extracts UI strings from PPDC source files and
|
|
updates either a GNU gettext or Mac OS X strings
|
|
format message catalog source file for translation
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups ppdpo">
|
|
<primary sortas="b-ppdpo">ppdpo</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="libcups">
|
|
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libcups.so</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
contains the <application>Cups</application> API functions
|
|
</para>
|
|
<indexterm zone="cups libcups">
|
|
<primary sortas="c-libcups">libcups.so</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|